Scientists have long known that the protein kinase Mzeta (PKMzeta) molecule plays a central role in forming memories. However, new research identifies its partner-in-crime, the kidney and brain expressed adaptor protein (KIBRA), which forms long-term memories through interactions that “tag” certain synapses in neurons.
Further study of this interaction could help scientists develop therapies for memory-related issues. KIBRA is considered a “missing link” molecule that acts as glue to allow memories to persist for years or even decades.
The researchers analyzed the molecules in laboratory mice and found that blocking the molecular interaction disrupted spatial memory, while both PKMzeta and KIBRA are short-lived, their interaction persists. This mechanism is analogous to how new planks replace old ones to maintain the ship of Theseus, allowing memories to last for years as the proteins maintaining the memory are replaced.
Exploring the interactions of these two molecules opens up possibilities for directly strengthening fading memories through gene therapy. However, editing unwanted memories remains a topic of debate due to ethical issues.
Source: https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/health/a62011949/pkmzeta-memories-molecules/