A recent study published in Computers in Human Behavior found that using ChatGPT to search for information on a scientific topic makes it easier for students to complete their research tasks. However, this convenience comes at the cost of producing less rigorous conclusions.
Researchers from Germany’s University of Freiburg conducted an experiment involving 91 university students who were randomly assigned to either use ChatGPT or Google to find information on a topic related to mineral nanoparticles in sunscreen. The results showed that students using ChatGPT experienced significantly lower cognitive load compared to those using Google. This is likely because ChatGPT provides direct answers and summarizes complex topics in plain language, reducing the mental effort required to navigate through the task.
However, this ease of use came at a cost. Students who used ChatGPT produced less thorough arguments and cited fewer relevant pieces of information in their recommendations compared to those who used Google. The study found that students using traditional web search engines were more likely to engage critically with diverse sources of information, leading to higher-quality learning.
The researchers concluded that while large language models like ChatGPT offer an efficient way to reduce cognitive load, they may not always facilitate deep learning necessary for complex decision-making tasks. Instead, traditional search engines promote a higher quality of learning by necessitating more active engagement with diverse information sources.
This study highlights the potential trade-offs between convenience and depth when relying on artificial intelligence for research tasks. As education practices evolve to incorporate AI-powered tools like ChatGPT, it is essential to consider these limitations and develop strategies that encourage critical engagement with diverse information sources.
Source: https://www.psypost.org/study-finds-chatgpt-eases-students-cognitive-load-but-at-the-expense-of-critical-thinking/