The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has banned the use of Red Dye No. 3, a synthetic chemical used for over a century to color foods and drinks. The ban is due to concerns that the dye may cause cancer in rats.
The FDA first allowed food manufacturers to use Red Dye No. 3 in 1907, but Congress passed a regulation in 1958 that blocks the agency from approving food additives that can lead to cancer. Despite this, scientists and public interest groups have raised concerns about the dye for decades.
Studies have found that high levels of Red Dye No. 3 can cause thyroid cancer in rats. The FDA has stated that studies have not found a link between the dye and cancer in other types of animals. However, some research has linked consuming synthetic food dyes, including Red Dye No. 3, to behavioral issues like hyperactivity in children.
Hundreds of foods and drinks contain Red Dye No. 3, including candies, vegan “meats,” icings, sausages, cotton candy, and certain medications. Food manufacturers have until January 15, 2027, to reformulate their products, while drug manufacturers have until January 18, 2028.
Consumers can minimize potential risks by limiting exposure to Red Dye No. 3 on special occasions, such as birthday parties or Halloween. The FDA recommends checking ingredient lists and using online databases to track the presence of the dye in food and drinks.
Source: https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/16/well/red-dye-3-foods.html