A measles outbreak is sweeping across Texas and New Mexico, with at least 58 cases reported in West Texas over the past three weeks. The largest outbreak in the state in nearly 30 years has primarily affected children, with 33 cases among kids aged 5-17 and 15 cases among young children under 4.
Measles is one of the most contagious diseases globally, caused by the morvillivirus, which can lead to serious health complications. According to Dr. Peter Hotez, dean of the National School of Tropical Medicine at Baylor College of Medicine, measles “has a reproductive number of between 12 and 18,” meaning a single individual can infect up to 17 unvaccinated individuals.
The virus is spread through the air when an infected person breathes, coughs, sneezes, or talks. It’s estimated that nine out of 10 people exposed to measles will get infected if they have not been vaccinated. Measles cases have also been reported in Alaska, Georgia, New York City, and Rhode Island.
Symptoms of measles typically appear seven to 14 days after contact with the virus and include high fever, tiredness, cough, runny nose, and red or bloodshot eyes. The rash can last up to 10 days. People infected with measles are most contagious four days before the rash appears until four days after it goes away.
Complications from measles can be severe, including pneumonia, encephalitis (brain swelling), and hospitalization. Certain groups, such as children under 5, adults over 20, pregnant women, and people with weakened immune systems, are more likely to experience complications.
There is currently no treatment for measles, but vaccination is the best prevention method. The measles vaccine is highly effective, with two doses providing 97% protection against measles. Despite its importance, many Americans remain unvaccinated, putting themselves and others at risk of serious illness.
Source: https://www.yahoo.com/news/a-measles-outbreak-is-hitting-texas-and-new-mexico-the-highly-contagious-virus-explained-200956858.html