Scientists at Johns Hopkins University and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have made a groundbreaking discovery in genetic engineering, mapping the genomes of nightshade crops and identifying key genes that determine fruit size. The research could lead to the development of improved heirloom tomato and eggplant varieties, particularly in regions where existing local crops are too small for large-scale farming.
By controlling these genes using CRISPR technology, researchers aim to create larger, tastier produce that can support global agriculture. The discovery also highlights the importance of studying multiple species together, known as “pan-genetics,” which opens endless opportunities to bring new fruits and flavors to dinner plates around the world.
The research team used computational analysis to compare genome maps and traced how genes evolved over time, finding that more than half of the genes had been duplicated at some point in the past. By tweaking one or both duplicates of a gene, researchers found that it affected traits such as flowering time, fruit size, and fruit shape.
While the discovery is promising, concerns have been raised about the potential for patenting genetically modified crops, which could limit access to food and favor large-scale producers. Critics argue that such patents could lead to food being controlled by a select few, while small-scale farmers struggle to maintain their livelihoods.
However, proponents of genetic engineering see it as a way to address global hunger and food security challenges. They believe that the research can be used to develop crops that are better suited to local climates and soil types, providing a sustainable solution for feeding the world’s growing population.
As the debate surrounding GMOs continues, scientists emphasize the importance of evidence-based decision-making and responsible innovation.
Source: https://scitechdaily.com/crispr-breakthrough-unlocks-the-genetic-blueprint-for-super-sized-produce