Antarctic sea ice covers a vast area of 18 million square kilometers in winter, playing a crucial role in regulating the planet’s climate. The ice’s white surface reflects sunlight back into space, preventing heat from reaching the Southern Ocean.
As the ice crystallizes, salt is pushed out, forming super-salty water that sinks to the bottom of the sea and drives global currents. However, signs indicate that this cycle is changing due to climate change.
In 2023, Antarctic sea ice extent hit a historic low in the 47-year satellite record. If trends continue, 2025 may see another poor year for Antarctic sea ice. In February 2025, global sea ice combined with the Arctic and Antarctica reached its lowest point since satellite monitoring began.
Researchers are collecting data to understand how climate change is impacting sea ice formation and melting. New Zealand scientists have been monitoring McMurdo Sound’s sea ice for over three decades using temperature sensors, GPS, and satellites.
Recent analysis suggests that land-fast ice thickness in McMurdo Sound has not yet felt strong effects from climate change. However, anomalies such as delayed sea ice formation may indicate a negative trend ahead.
The Antarctic sea ice cycle is vital to the planet’s climate, and its changes are closely monitored by researchers. As the situation worsens, it’s essential to stay informed about the impact of climate change on this critical component of our planet’s ecosystem.
Source: https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/ourchangingworld/544619/voice-of-the-sea-ice-antarctica-s-heartbeat