A global review of the evidence has found that most treatments for back pain do not provide significant relief. Six in 10 adults in the UK experience lower back pain at some point, with symptoms including severe pain, restricted movement, and inability to work.
There are over 56 treatments available, but only six have been shown to be effective. These include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), exercise, spinal manipulative therapy, taping, antidepressants, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TPRV1) drugs. However, the remaining 50 treatments show little or no benefit.
The review of 301 randomised controlled trials found that only one in 10 non-surgical treatments provide significant pain relief. The most effective treatment for acute low-back pain is NSAIDs, while five treatments also bring some relief for chronic low-back pain. Exercise, spinal manipulation therapy, taping, antidepressants, and TPRV1 drugs are among the effective treatments.
On the other hand, three treatments for acute back pain do not work: exercise, glucocortisoid injections, and taking paracetamol. Two treatments for chronic back pain are also ineffective: antibiotics and anaesthetics.
The review’s findings have implications for family doctors and healthcare professionals. Many patients report feeling some relief from non-medical interventions, while others may need more effective treatments. The study’s results highlight the importance of exercise, spinal manipulation therapy, and taping as effective treatments for back pain.
Source: https://www.theguardian.com/society/2025/mar/18/only-10-of-non-surgical-treatments-for-back-problems-kill-pain-says-review