Researchers at UCSF have discovered a brain signature in mice that could lead to new treatment options for severe depression. The study found that stress changes activity in a specific brain circuit, which distinguishes between resilient and less resilient individuals.
The researchers, led by Dr. Mazen Kheirbek, looked at the amygdala, a region involved in evaluating rewards. They observed that stressed mice had altered brain activity in this area compared to their resilient counterparts. When given a choice between plain and sugar-sweetened water, resilient mice opted for the sweet treat, while less resilient mice preferred plain water.
Dr. Frances Xia analyzed brain recordings of the mice who chose the sweet water and found that their amygdala was communicating with the hippocampus, which predicts rewards. In contrast, the brains of mice that struggled to make decisions showed reduced communication between these areas.
To address this issue, Dr. Xia used a technique called chemogenetics to increase neuronal activity in the hippocampus. By attaching molecules to neurons and stimulating them, she aimed to improve decision-making and reduce rumination. The results were promising, with treated mice choosing the sweet water and exhibiting resilient brain activity.
The research team plans to analyze human brain data to verify the findings and explore potential non-invasive treatments for depression. Dr. Kheirbek emphasized the significance of this discovery, stating that it could lead to a new approach in treating severe depression.
Source: https://www.news-medical.net/news/20241204/Brain-signature-of-resilience-suggests-a-new-way-to-recovery-from-trauma.aspx