A newly discovered bacterium, Niallia tiangongensis, has been found living on China’s Tiangong space station. The rod-shaped microorganism can create spores and is believed to have evolved to survive in the harsh conditions of space travel. Genomic sequencing revealed that it has substantial genetic differences from its closest terrestrial relative, Niallia circulans.
Analysis of samples from the space station showed that Niallia tiangongensis possesses unique adaptations that enable it to thrive in microgravity environments. The bacteria can break down gelatin and form protective biofilms, making them well-suited for survival in nutrient-poor conditions.
The discovery was made as part of a study on the behavior of microorganisms in space travel, which is aimed at investigating the impact of space on human health. While it is unclear whether Niallia tiangongensis evolved on the space station or if it existed before, its discovery will provide valuable insights into the microscopic hazards that astronauts may face during extended missions.
The study’s findings are significant for designing sanitation protocols and understanding the risks associated with long-term space travel. However, it is too early to determine whether Niallia tiangongensis poses a danger to taikonauts on the space station.
Source: https://www.wired.com/story/bacteria-unknown-on-earth-appears-on-chinese-space-station