Scientists have finally resolved one of the most enduring mysteries in particle physics, thanks to a precise measurement of muon magnetism that matches theoretical predictions. The finding paves the way for a deeper understanding of the fundamental nature of matter and could lead to new breakthroughs.
Measuring the anomalous magnetic moment of muons has been challenging for decades. The property affects how muons interact with magnetic fields, causing them to wobble at high speeds. Previous experiments had clashed with theoretical predictions, inspiring hundreds of papers proposing alternative explanations.
However, two recent studies have provided conclusive evidence that resolves the discrepancy. Researchers reported the most precise measurement yet of the anomalous magnetic moment, which is about 13 millionths of a percent. This precision surpasses previous attempts and has confirmed long-held theories.
The breakthrough was made possible by advances in lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD), a technique used to calculate complex particle interactions. By using this method, researchers calculated the hadronic vacuum polarization term from scratch, without relying on experimental data.
This new approach yielded a prediction that matches the experimental measurement, effectively resolving the long-standing conundrum. The development highlights the growing impact of lattice QCD, which has unlocked various particle physics calculations and shed light on fundamental questions about matter.
While this finding marks a significant triumph for the standard model of particle physics, scientists acknowledge that some questions remain unanswered. Further research is needed to refine the prediction and resolve the discrepancy between previous experiments. Nonetheless, this achievement demonstrates the power of theoretical physics and the importance of continued innovation in the field.
Source: https://www.sciencenews.org/article/muons-magnetism-ending