A non-violent approach may be on the table in regime change efforts in Iran. Edelman and Takeyh (2020) proposed a gradual strategy to topple the Islamic Republic, assuming outside powers could only weaken the regime’s foundations. Israel’s recent attack on Iran has introduced new volatility but maintains the core idea of exploiting weaknesses over force. The key condition for success is that the government lacks the ability to respond effectively and is facing significant internal pressure, making a change in power more feasible.
Source: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/iran/right-path-regime-change-iran