Scientists have discovered a deadly fungus found in ancient tombs that may hold the key to new treatments for leukemia. Aspergillus flavus, also known as the “king’s curse” fungus, has been linked to fatal lung infections and even death among tomb explorers. However, researchers say it now holds promise as a treatment for leukemia after identifying and engineering molecules that kill cancer cells.
The fungus produces spores that can remain dormant for centuries, including inside sealed tombs. When disturbed, it causes deadly respiratory infections in people with weakened immune systems. Researchers analyzed the unique chemical compounds produced by the fungus and discovered a class of natural compounds called RiPPs (ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides).
These molecules have intricate structures that can interact with biological systems in powerful ways, such as killing cancer cells. The team found four novel asperigimycins with unusual interlocking ring structures, two of which showed strong anti-leukemia properties even without modification.
To enhance the drugs’ effectiveness, researchers attached lipid molecules similar to those found in royal jelly, allowing them to enter cancer cells more efficiently. They also discovered a gene called SLC46A3 that acts as a molecular gateway, helping the drug escape cellular compartments and target leukemia cells directly.
Early tests suggest the compounds have minimal effects on breast, liver, and lung cancer cells, making them a potentially safer alternative to traditional chemotherapy agents. The researchers plan to test asperigimycins in animal models, with the goal of launching human clinical trials in the future.
Source: https://www.livescience.com/health/fungus-that-may-have-caused-king-tuts-curse-shows-promise-in-treating-cancer