A recent breakthrough in understanding Alzheimer’s disease suggests that it may not be solely caused by the accumulation of beta-amyloid protein, as previously believed. Researchers at the Krembil Brain Institute propose a new theory that Alzheimer’s is primarily an autoimmune disease.
The theory posits that beta-amyloid plays a key role in the brain’s immune system, helping to protect against foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. However, this process can also lead to the mistaken attack on brain cells, resulting in chronic inflammation and progressive loss of function. This misdirected immune response is believed to be the root cause of Alzheimer’s disease.
Unlike autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, for which steroid-based therapies are effective, Alzheimer’s treatment options remain limited. The researchers believe that targeting other immune-regulating pathways in the brain may lead to new and effective treatment approaches for the disease.
The theory also highlights the need for fresh directions in understanding Alzheimer’s, with over 50 million people worldwide affected by dementia. A better comprehension of the disease’s causes and potential treatments is crucial for improving the lives of those living with it and alleviating the socioeconomic burden on healthcare systems.
Source: https://www.sciencealert.com/alzheimers-might-not-actually-be-a-brain-disease-says-expert