This Thursday before Independence Day 2025, a heatwave is expected across the southern US, with temperatures reaching up to 90 degrees in many areas. However, on that day, our Earth will be at its farthest point from the sun in space.
Despite the misconception that being farther away from the sun means cooler temperatures, the Earth’s axis tilt plays a much bigger role in determining seasonal heat patterns. The 23.5-degree tilt of the Earth’s axis affects the angle of the sun’s rays and the length of daylight, leading to variations in temperature across regions.
The difference between aphelion (farthest point from the sun) and perihelion (closest point to the sun) is relatively small, about 16.62 light seconds, which translates to a 6.55% decrease in the sun’s apparent brightness. This change does not significantly impact summer temperatures, which are driven by other factors.
Astronomer Joe Rao explains that this myth has been debunked by climate experts, who point out that large land masses in the Northern Hemisphere actually contribute to colder winters and hotter summers. The dates of perihelion and aphelion coincide with significant holidays in some countries, but their effects on temperature patterns are minimal.
As Joe Rao continues to track celestial events and share his expertise, Space.com invites you to join our forums for space-related discussions and submit news tips and corrections.
Source: https://www.space.com/astronomy/earth/earth-is-farthest-from-the-sun-today-so-why-is-it-so-hot