Scientists have finally identified the genetic origins of potatoes, tracing them back to a brief romance between an ancient tomato relative and another plant eight to nine million years ago. The resulting hybridization event led to the creation of the iconic spud we know today. Researchers found that this ancient relationship resulted in a unique combination of genes, including one from tomatoes that enables tuber formation.
Potatoes are more than just a staple crop; they’re also a symbol of global importance. With over 107 wild potato species and a history of being grown for thousands of years, researchers have turned their attention to purging genetic mutations that make potatoes delicate. A new hybrid variety could be on the horizon, offering seeds that can help reduce disease-prone clones.
The connection between potatoes and tomatoes lies in the Solanum genus, which includes over 1,000 plant species. The relationship was uncovered through genome sequencing and family tree construction, revealing a complex genetic history. While some might view hybridization as a messy outcome, it has allowed potatoes to thrive in new environments and even led to the emergence of new species.
The study’s findings have significant implications for potato breeding, potentially paving the way for healthier, seed-grown varieties that can reduce disease susceptibility.
Source: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/plant-evolution-potato-tomato