Researchers have found that users of GLP-1 receptor agonists for diabetes are at a slightly higher risk of developing new-onset diabetic retinopathy (DR), despite lower risks of vision-threatening complications. According to a retrospective cohort study published in JAMA Network Open, the use of these medications increased the incidence of DR by 7% over a two-year period.
The study, which analyzed data from over 185,000 patients with type 2 diabetes, found that regular ophthalmic screening was recommended for all patients taking GLP-1 agonists. In patients with existing diabetic retinopathy, use of these medications did not increase the risk of progression to more severe complications.
However, a separate study published in JAMA Network Open also showed an association between the use of semaglutide and tirzepatide for diabetes and an increased risk of non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). The authors emphasized the need for close monitoring of these conditions in patients using these medications.
The findings suggest that patients with type 2 diabetes treated with GLP-1 agonists require regular screening and monitoring for ophthalmic complications, regardless of baseline DR status.
Source: https://www.medpagetoday.com/ophthalmology/generalophthalmology/116943