As flu season approaches, it’s essential to be aware of the potential complications that can arise from the virus. A new study published in JAMA has shed light on acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE), a rare but severe condition that affects children who contract the flu.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), flu-related deaths in children have ranged from 37 to 199 deaths per season. However, the CDC recently released data indicating an estimated 47 million to 82 million flu illnesses in the US between October 2024 and May 2025, resulting in between 610,000 and 1.3 million hospitalizations.
A new study has focused on ANE, a condition characterized by inflammation and swelling in the brain, leading to seizures, impaired consciousness, coma, long-term brain damage, and death. The mortality rate for ANE is 27% despite intensive care and treatment.
Researchers found that most children with ANE were previously healthy, with only 16% having received the flu vaccine. Those who died had severe brain swelling, and all but one of the deceased had not received the latest flu vaccine. Survivors suffered from at least moderate disability, with 63% experiencing long-term effects.
Dr. Leana Wen, an emergency physician and clinical associate professor at George Washington University, emphasized the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment for ANE. She noted that vaccination can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing ANE and dying from it.
Parents and families should be aware that flu is a common illness with serious complications, even in previously healthy individuals. Getting vaccinated can help lower the risk of contracting the flu and developing complications. The CDC recommends the flu vaccine for everyone 6 months and older, making it essential to ensure children receive their flu shot in the fall.
Staying informed about contagious respiratory illnesses and taking precautions like masking in indoor crowded settings can also help prevent the spread of diseases.
Source: https://edition.cnn.com/2025/08/19/health/virus-flu-children-health-wellness