The collision between a massive celestial body called Theia and young Earth 4.5 billion years ago formed the Moon. Researchers used data from lunar rocks and iron isotopes to determine Theia’s possible composition and origin, concluding that it likely came from the inner Solar System.
Scientists found that the metal isotopes in the Moon and Earth rocks provided clues about Theia’s makeup. By analyzing 15 terrestrial rocks and six lunar samples, researchers discovered that these elements are present in different ratios near the Sun, suggesting their origin.
Using reverse engineering techniques, scientists looked at various compositions and sizes of Theia and early Earth to determine which combination led to the final state. They considered elements like iron, chromium, molybdenum, and zirconium, which helped narrow down possible options.
The calculations suggest that Theia likely originated in the inner Solar System, closer to the Sun than our planet. This new research provides a breakthrough in understanding one of the most significant events in Earth’s history.
Source: https://www.mps.mpg.de/theia-and-earth-were-neighbors