A major study reveals that individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are statistically more likely to die earlier than their peers without the condition, a finding that underscores significant health disparities. The research, conducted on over 30,000 adults in the UK and published in *The British Journal of Psychiatry*, is notable for using all-cause mortality data to estimate life expectancy among those with ADHD—unlike previous studies that explored other risk factors such as mental health issues or substance abuse.
The findings indicate that men with ADHD lost an average of seven years of life expectancy, while women lost nine years. This early death trajectory was linked to higher rates of substance abuse, autism spectrum disorder, and self-harming behaviors among those diagnosed. The study authors caution that ADHD diagnosis may be underdiagnosed, particularly in older adults, and that individuals with the condition might already be experiencing severe health challenges.
Dr. Joshua Stott, a professor of aging and clinical psychology at University College London, emphasized that this issue highlights unmet needs requiring urgent attention, particularly in healthcare systems that often struggle to address neurodivergent conditions. He notes that while ADHD may present differently across age groups, its impact on life expectancy could necessitate systemic adjustments in how care is delivered.
The study builds on previous research indicating higher rates of unnatural deaths among those with ADHD and points to reduced life expectancy linked to lower education levels, increased smoking rates, and metabolic issues. It also draws parallels between ADHD and conditions like diabetes, suggesting the need for long-term management strategies akin to those used for chronic health conditions.
As ADHD diagnosis expands into older demographics, healthcare providers must recognize the unique challenges faced by neurodivergent individuals, potentially leading to more tailored support systems. Dr. Stott cautions that early intervention is crucial, likening ADHD to a lifelong condition rather than an childhood issue, which could influence how caregivers and patients approach management.
Overall, this study underscores the urgent need to address health disparities tied to ADHD, emphasizing the importance of proactive healthcare adjustments to improve outcomes for those affected.
Source: https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/23/health/adhd-life-expectancy.html