Domestic cats originated from Africa, but before that, leopard cats roamed ancient China around 5,400 years ago. A recent genetic study found that these wild cats preyed on rodents in human settlements, while domestic cats didn’t appear until the Tang Dynasty (A.D. 730). Analysis of 22 cat bones showed mitochondrial DNA tied to modern African wildcats, suggesting their ancestors were closely related to them.
The early house cats likely had short fur and white markings, popular among ancient Chinese people, who also depicted these features in art and literature. However, before A.D. 200, the DNA belonged to leopard cats. These predators lived near humans but not in their homes, unlike modern domestic cats that filled the same niche after their arrival.
The study’s findings match archaeological remains from the Han Dynasty and suggest that the leopard cat disappeared due to economic declines and wars, allowing the domestic cat to thrive. However, ecologists have found wild leopard cats living in modern Chinese suburbs, indicating they may not be extinct forever. The study provides insight into why some animals form close relationships with humans while others remain wild, emphasizing the adaptability of animals in human environments.
Source: https://www.sciencenews.org/article/dna-china-first-cat-leopard-rodent