New research has discovered a novel mechanism for signal transmission in brain cells that enhances learning and memory. A network of subcellular structures similar to those responsible for muscle contraction are also found in brain cells, facilitating the transmission of signals that regulate neuronal signaling.
According to Senior Group Leader Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz, “Einstein said that when he uses his brain, it is like he is using a muscle.” The connection between brain and muscle cells may be more than just a metaphor. A study led by Lippincott-Schwartz found that a structure similar to the junctions responsible for muscle contraction also exists in brain cells.
The researchers discovered that dendrites contain a form of junctophilin, a molecule controlling contact sites between their ER and plasma membrane. They also found that this molecular machinery is present at calcium release sites in both muscle and brain cells.
By understanding how signals are transmitted over long distances in neurons, the research sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity, the strengthening or weakening of neuronal connections that enables learning and memory. This discovery could increase our understanding of how the brain works normally and in diseases such as Alzheimer’s.
Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-02-brain-cells-mimic-muscle-memory.html