The number of people in the United States who use cannabis daily has surpassed those who drink alcohol, with 17.7 million users recorded in the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Researchers from the University of California San Diego found that individuals with cannabis use disorder (CUD) are three times more likely to develop oral cancer within five years compared to those without the disorder.
The study analyzed data from over 45,000 patients and found that the risk of oral cancer was not significantly reduced by age, sex, body mass index, or tobacco smoking. The elevated risk holds even when accounting for these factors, suggesting that cannabis use has a direct link to oral cancer development.
The researchers discovered that cannabis smoke contains hundreds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), benzene, and ammonia, which can damage DNA in epithelial cells lining the mouth. The study suggests that individuals with CUD are at a higher risk due to near-daily smoking, deeper inhalation, and higher potency products.
The American Cancer Society estimates that 59,660 Americans will be diagnosed with cancers of the mouth or throat in 2025, with smoking remaining a leading risk factor. However, cannabis may add new layers to this risk profile.
The study’s findings emphasize the importance of clinicians being vigilant about CUD and providing early detection and treatment for oral cancer. The researchers recommend that policymakers ensure that cancer prevention messaging keeps pace with marketing, particularly when it comes to clear warnings on retail products.
Individuals who use cannabis daily can reduce their potential harm by switching to noncombustible products, spacing out sessions, and keeping regular dental check-ups. Researchers will continue to study the effects of cannabis use on human tissue, but prudence starts with individual habits.
Source: https://www.earth.com/news/cannabis-users-face-much-higher-oral-cancer-risk-similar-to-cigarette-smokers