Research funded by the Cancer Grand Challenges has uncovered a potential link between exposure to the toxin colibactin, produced by some strains of E. coli, and the rise in bowel cancer among under-50s. The study, led by researchers at the University of California San Diego, found that DNA changes caused by colibactin are more common in younger adults with bowel cancer than in those diagnosed later in life.
E. coli is a vital part of a healthy gut microbiome, but some strains can produce colibactin, which alters DNA and has been linked to the development of cancer. The latest study suggests that colibactin-linked mutations are more prevalent in countries with higher rates of early-onset cancer, indicating that childhood exposure to this toxin may be contributing to the rise in bowel cancer.
While the study does not provide conclusive evidence that colibactin causes cancer, it highlights the importance of investigating environmental factors and the microbiome’s role in cancer development. Longer-term studies are needed to fully understand the link between colibactin exposure and cancer risk.
The findings have significant implications for cancer research, suggesting that events in early life, such as childhood exposure to colibactin, may play a crucial role in the development of cancer. As one researcher noted, “Cancer could potentially be influenced by events in early life, perhaps even the first few years.” Sustained investment in this type of research is critical in the global effort to prevent and treat cancer.
Early detection of bowel cancer is crucial for successful treatment, and symptoms can include bleeding, blood in stool, changes in bowel habits, unexplained tiredness, or weight loss. If you notice any unusual symptoms, it’s essential to consult your GP for early diagnosis and treatment.
Source: https://news.cancerresearchuk.org/2025/04/23/colibactin-e-coli-early-onset-bowel-cancer