Semaglutide and tirzepatide, two popular diabetes medications also used for weight loss, have raised concerns about potential eye complications. Two new studies published today investigated the association between these drugs and serious eye conditions such as non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION).
According to previous research, semaglutide was linked with a four-fold increased risk of NAION in people with diabetes, while those taking it for weight loss were eight times more likely to develop the condition. However, the new studies suggest that the risks may be lower than initially thought.
The two studies found that among 159,000 to 185,000 people with type 2 diabetes taking GLP-1 drugs, the risk of developing NAION was around 0.04%, compared to 0.02% in those not taking these medications.
While one study did not find an increased risk of NAION, another found a small increase in diabetic retinopathy, which can lead to vision loss. However, participants on GLP-1 drugs experienced fewer sight-threatening complications and required less invasive eye treatments compared to those taking other diabetes medications.
Experts emphasize the need for informed decision-making and identifying different levels of risk when considering GLP-1 medications. People with multiple NAION risk factors or crowded optic nerve heads should undergo careful consideration before starting these medications.
Regular comprehensive eye examinations are crucial in detecting other drug-related eye problems, including worsening diabetic retinopathy. Patients taking GLP-1 medications should inform their doctors and optometrists about their treatment to ensure close monitoring of their eye health.
More research is needed to understand the long-term effects of GLP-1 drugs on eye complications. However, by understanding the risks and benefits, patients can make informed decisions about their treatment options.
Source: https://www.sciencealert.com/new-research-confirms-weight-loss-drug-link-with-sudden-vision-loss