The human brain is often considered the control center of our body, but recent research suggests that our gut bacteria may be calling the shots. The trillions of microorganisms living in our intestines, known as the gut microbiome, weigh roughly as much as a human brain and possess 150 times more genetic material.
Studies have shown that the gut-brain axis, which connects the intestinal system to the brain, plays a significant role in addiction, autoimmune diseases, and mental health. Researchers Vanessa Sperandio and Maggie Alexander are studying how our gut bacteria influence these conditions.
Sperandio found that an overgrowth of E. coli bacteria can increase susceptibility to cocaine addiction by disrupting the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain. Conversely, administering glycine, an amino acid produced by E. coli, has been shown to reduce addictive behaviors in mice.
Alexander is investigating how the ketogenic diet affects people with multiple sclerosis and severe mental illness. Her research suggests that ketosis, a state induced by the diet, may be linked to reduced symptoms of these conditions due to its impact on the gut-brain axis.
These findings highlight the importance of understanding the intricate relationship between our gut bacteria, brain chemistry, and overall health. Further research could lead to more targeted treatments for addiction, autoimmune diseases, and mental health disorders.
Source: https://www.wpr.org/news/relationship-gut-brain-effect-addiction-disease-behavior