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The European Space Agency’s Gaia space telescope has experienced two technical issues. Launched in 2013, Gaia measures the positions and motions of distant stars, providing valuable data for astronomers.
Firstly, a fast-moving micrometeoroid punctured Gaia’s shield, causing it to send junk data to Earth. This is not unusual, as high-speed micrometeoroids are common at Lagrange point 2 (L2), where Gaia orbits, approximately 1.5 million kilometers away from Earth.
In April, a piece of space dust caused a hole in Gaia’s shielding, allowing sunlight to enter and disrupt its onboard sensors. Although this light was much weaker than what reaches Earth’s surface, it still affected the telescope’s performance.
Unfortunately, Gaia also experienced an electronics malfunction in May. One of its 106 charge-coupled devices (CCDs) failed, which may have been caused by a solar storm that hit Earth’s northern skies with brilliant auroras. The failure meant that Gaia began detecting non-existent stars.
To address these issues, engineers adjusted the threshold above which Gaia identifies a distant point of light as a star and fine-tuned its optics. As a result, the telescope is now sending back better data than ever.
Despite these challenges, Gaia has already survived nearly twice as long in space as its original mission plan.+
+Source: https://www.space.com/gaia-telescope-ccd-fault-esa