Scientists have discovered a brain mechanism that explains how drugs like methamphetamine and PCP impair cognitive functions, particularly memory. Research led by Marta Pratelli at the University of California San Diego has found that these drugs trigger neurotransmitter switching in the cerebral cortex, causing neurons to switch from excitatory glutamate to inhibitory GABA neurons.
This switch leads to memory deficits, which can persist for years after drug abuse stops. However, researchers were able to reverse this switch using molecular tools and the antipsychotic drug clozapine, restoring memory performance in mice.
The study suggests that targeted manipulation of neuronal activity may be used to counteract negative effects of repeated drug abuse. The findings could lead to new therapies for drug addiction and other brain disorders.
Source: https://neurosciencenews.com/addiction-cognitive-impairment-mechanism-27698/