NASA has announced a new approach to its Mars Sample Return Program, which aims to bring the first Martian rock and sediment samples back to Earth for scientific research. The agency will pursue two landing architectures, or strategic plans, during formulation, encouraging competition and innovation, while also seeking cost and schedule savings.
The program, expected to be confirmed in the second half of 2026, is a crucial step towards understanding the mysteries of the universe and determining whether Mars ever hosted life. NASA Administrator Bill Nelson said pursuing two potential paths forward will save significant costs and time compared to the previous plan.
“The samples have the potential to change the way we understand Mars, our universe, and ourselves,” Nelson stated. “I’d like to thank the team at NASA for their work.”
Eleven studies from NASA’s community and industry were accepted in September 2024 to assess the best methods for returning Martian samples to Earth. A strategic review team recommended a primary architecture for the campaign, including estimated costs and schedules.
NASA will explore two distinct landing options: one using previously flown entry, descent, and landing system designs, and another leveraging new commercial capabilities. The mission’s landed platform will carry a smaller version of the Mars Ascent Vehicle and use a radioisotope power system to provide power during the dust storm season.
The orbiting sample container will hold 30 sample tubes containing samples from the Perseverance lander, with a redesigned sample loading system simplifying backward planetary protection. Both options rely on ESA’s Earth Return Orbiter for capture, containment, and return of the orbiting sample container.
NASA is currently evaluating the two options and expects to confirm the program design in the second half of 2026.
Source: https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/nasa-to-explore-two-landing-options-for-returning-samples-from-mars