Researchers have long suspected that viruses like herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) may contribute to the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A new study published in Science Signaling found that repeated head trauma can reactivate dormant HSV-1 in the brain, triggering AD-like symptoms. The findings support mounting evidence that viruses may play a role in neurodegenerative processes.
The study used human brain organoids, three-dimensional cultures resembling miniature brains, to investigate the connection between HSV-1 and AD. Researchers created the organoids using induced neural stem cells from humans carrying a common genetic variant linked to increased AD risk. They then infected the organoids with HSV-1 and subjected them to repeated head injuries.
The results showed that the mock-infected controls displayed no significant changes, while the organoids with latent HSV-1 exposed to trauma developed prominent AD-associated phenotypes, such as β-amyloid plaques. The reactivation of HSV-1 was confirmed by quantitative PCR, revealing elevated levels of viral transcripts.
The study’s findings suggest that blocking pro-inflammatory cytokine production may prevent AD-like symptoms. Researchers are exploring the potential for antiviral therapy as a prophylactic measure for professional athletes experiencing repeated concussions and head trauma. However, further research is needed to translate these results into practical applications for AD prevention.
These discoveries offer a promising new perspective on the role of viruses in AD development. The study’s authors hope that their findings will contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies and ultimately improve our understanding of this complex disease.
Source: https://www.the-scientist.com/study-reveals-a-link-between-herpes-virus-head-injuries-and-alzheimer-s-disease-72469