In a groundbreaking study, researchers successfully transplanted gene-edited donor islet cells that secrete insulin into a person with type 1 diabetes without using immunosuppression. The phase 1, single-participant study published on August 4, 2025, and June 23, 2025, presented promising results.
The patient, a 42-year-old man with a 37-year history of type 1 diabetes, showed no immune response to the gene-edited cells and maintained significant circulating C-peptide levels. This measure of insulin secretion was higher than zero at baseline, indicating effective islet cell function.
Although the patient still requires insulin treatment, researchers are optimistic about this novel approach. “I am very enthusiastic about this study,” said Mark A. Atkinson, PhD. “This may be a baby step towards moving forward a full leap in type 1 diabetes research.”
Experts caution that the treatment’s cost and feasibility need further exploration. However, with ongoing research, this gene-editing method could potentially offer a cure for many people with type 1 diabetes.
The study used a unique approach to eliminate immune rejection, knocking out human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II genes in the islet cells. This allowed the cells to be transplanted without immunosuppression, which was the traditional method of suppressing the immune system to prevent rejection.
While more research is needed, this breakthrough offers hope for a more effective treatment option for type 1 diabetes patients. With further trials and studies, researchers aim to scale up this approach and improve its efficacy.
Source: https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/transplanted-islet-cells-survive-without-immune-suppression-2025a1000kqt