Microsoft researchers have made a groundbreaking breakthrough in quantum computing by creating the first “topological qubits” using an exotic state of matter called topological superconductors. This achievement has significant implications for the development of quantum computers, which could potentially crack complex codes and design new materials faster.
The design of the Majorana 1 processor can store up to a million qubits, which could be enough to tackle various goals in quantum computing. However, the researchers’ claims have yet to be independently confirmed, and more work needs to be done to overcome hurdles.
To understand what a topological qubit is, it’s essential to know that a qubit is a quantum bit that can exist in multiple states simultaneously. Microsoft has used Majorana particles, which are rare and exotic particles found in topological superconductors, to create these qubits. The researchers have designed tiny wires with Majorana particles at either end and measure the value of the qubit using microwaves.
The “topological” part of the name refers to the braiding process used to manipulate the Majorana particles, which makes them resistant to outside interference. This approach is promising because it could lead to completely error-free quantum computing.
However, even with this breakthrough, there’s a catch. One specific operation called T-gate won’t be achievable without errors in the current design. Nevertheless, Microsoft plans to continue its research and build larger collections of qubits, and the scientific community will closely watch their progress.
The development of topological qubits has significant implications for quantum computing, and researchers are eager to see how this technology develops in the future. As one expert notes, “research into the exotic behavior of Majorana particles will continue at universities around the globe.”
Source: https://www.sciencealert.com/microsoft-claims-a-major-quantum-breakthrough-but-what-does-it-do