A measles outbreak in the southwest US has spread rapidly over the past few months, with 1046 cases confirmed across 30 states and three deaths reported so far. Pediatrician Tammy Camp of Lubbock, Texas, has never seen a case of measles on her job before, but now she’s facing a new challenge.
The outbreak is largely driven by low vaccination rates in the region. According to Dr. Yvonne “Bonnie” Maldonado, professor of pediatrics and infectious diseases at Stanford University, measles remains one of the most infectious viruses known, with an estimated basic reproduction number (R0) of 12-15.
This means that about 12-15 susceptible individuals who are exposed to an infected person will become infected. To prevent sustained transmission, Dr. Maldonado notes that levels of about 95% population immunity are needed.
In response to the outbreak, public health workers have swung into action, setting up mass online meetings for medical professionals and providing guidance on postexposure prophylaxis and vaccination options. The Lubbock Public Health Department has also increased vaccine efforts, identifying gaps in vaccine coverage and sending strike teams to boost coverage in areas with low rates.
The department’s Tiffany Torres emphasizes the importance of community awareness and immunity in slowing the outbreak. “We do believe a lot of that has to do with what’s going on,” she said. However, she notes that the outbreak is not yet over.
Meanwhile, experts are highlighting the need for medical professionals to appeal to people’s emotions and values when promoting vaccination. Heidi Larson, PhD, founder of the Vaccine Confidence Project, suggests using messaging that focuses on “protection” and shared responsibility rather than “moral obligation.”
Larson notes that people are more likely to trust family and community leaders than physicians, and that peer influence is a powerful tool in promoting vaccination. The US public’s trust in scientists and healthcare professionals can be increased by appealing to emotions and values, particularly when combined with facts and figures.
The measles outbreak serves as a reminder of the importance of vaccination in preventing the spread of infectious diseases. As the situation continues to unfold, it’s crucial that public health workers, medical professionals, and policymakers work together to promote vaccination and prevent the spread of this highly infectious virus.
Source: https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/measles-update-inside-battle-stop-outbreak-2025a1000esh