Scientists have discovered a giant magma “cap” at Yellowstone National Park, which helps prevent volcanic eruptions. Using a 53,000-pound truck to send seismic waves into the ground, researchers pinpointed the depth of the magma reservoir for the first time. The top of the reservoir is located about 2 miles beneath the surface.
A supercritical fluid and magma “cap” stands between the magma reservoir and potential eruptions. This cap is formed when volatiles in the magma release gas bubbles that can build up pressure. However, the unique geology of Yellowstone provides passageways for these bubbles to escape, reducing the pressure and preventing eruptions.
The research team used a wave-equation imaging technique to create a clear image of the top of the reservoir. The discovery suggests that technology can be used to study natural hazards and resources without directly disrupting them.
Source: https://www.foxweather.com/earth-space/yellowstone-national-park-magma-cap-volcanic-eruption